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Since 1824, the British putin invented cement, in the 188 years, as basic raw materials for cement has made great contribution to human civilization and development. Quite a long period of time in the future, the cement will still be the main building material of human society, will also be closely related with human society economy development. When new China was founded in 1949, only 660000 tons of cement production in China, the reform and opening up in 1978 cement output was 65.24 million tons. Since the reform and opening, with the growing scale of economic construction and development of cement industry in China soon. Entering the new century, cement output reached 597 million tons in 2000. After 60 years of development and construction of cement industry in China, made remarkable achievements, to cement output reached 2.09 billion tons, 2011 cement output for 27 consecutive years since 1985, first in the world, become the world's superpower cement production, cement production accounts for more than half of the world.
1. A leading the healthy development of the cement industry, science and technology innovation
Cement output in 2000, our country although has nearly 600 million tons, but the main body of industry is still a shaft kiln is given priority to small businesses, enterprise scale is only an average of 100000 tons, only one 6 to one over ten of the world's advanced level; On behalf of the cement industry development direction of advanced productivity of NSP cement output of 90 million tons, only 14.1% of total output, compared with 90% in developed countries, is far. By wet method in our country, behind the rotary kiln and vertical kiln cement production accounts for 85.9% of total production. In all of the cement kiln, nissan 700 tons of kiln outside the decomposition 80 NSP cement production lines, with total production capacity of 40 million tons, on behalf of the international advanced level of nissan 4000 tons of NSP production line 8, which article 6 are all foreign capital enterprises, production capacity of 10.4 million tons. Other small dry back behind the wet rotary kiln of high energy consumption of the kiln and the total production capacity of more than 6000 6000 tons. Small vertical kiln and under 44000 tons/year more than 4400 production line. The rest of the world there are only 200 meanwhile, and there are 7883 units in China. Nissan 4000 tons of new dry process cement mainly rely on import of technical equipment, the structure adjustment and industrial upgrading, lack of technology, lack of funds, lack of policy guarantee. Before 2000, a nissan 2000 tons of cement clinker production line construction investment in 700 million yuan, import equipment around $10 million in foreign exchange; Construction of a nissan 4000 tons of cement clinker line investment in 1.6 billion yuan, import equipment used is around $30 million. At that time the domestic technology and equipment can only be the construction scale of nissan 1000 tons of cement clinker production line, investment also need to around 300 million yuan. In order to adjust the structure of cement, cement industrial upgrading, promote development of large scale NSP cement as main task. Development of new dry process cement without addressing & other; Low investment, localization, big pressure on small & throughout; And achieve the aim of structural adjustment of cement can't smooth realization. At the time of the construction of the nissan 2000 tons of new dry process cement production line, all the losses, the company confidence in the development of new dry process cement production line, once appeared & other; Wet & throughout; Struggle, struggling new dry process cement industry development.
Through the research and the digestion, absorption and innovation of science and technology, our country nissan 4000 tons, 5000 tons, 5000 tons of cement equipment localization, and reached the international advanced level. Equipment localization not only revolutionized the cement technology and equipment in our country depend on import, realized self-sufficiency, but also exported to several countries in the world, and with the excellent product quality and service into the European and American markets. At present, the Chinese cement equipment has accounted for about 35% global market share. With 16 global nissan ten thousand tons of cement production lines, and our country is nine. Cement technology and equipment localization, provides support for scientific development of cement industry.
2.Macroeconomic regulation and control guide the cement industry structure adjustment
In 2002, the party's 16 big meeting, and put forward the scientific concept of development and the comprehensive construction well-off society's grand goal. With the speeding up of industrialization and urbanization in our country, cement consumption will continue to keep the high level, cement industry will also entered a new development period. In the new period, must solve the problems existing in the development of cement industry.
Main problems of cement industry in our country: one is the overall pattern of development, do not accord with the requirement of new industrialization, resources, high energy consumption, serious pollution, ecological and environmental pressure is more and more big; Two structural contradiction is prominent, behind the shaft kiln cement proportion is still relatively large, number of production enterprises, low industrial concentration. To solve these problems, the leadership of the state council had instructions, & other; Cement output, but too little cement, there is a structural adjustment problems. We agree in some places kenda cement factory, but at the same time to turn off a batch of small cement plant, you want to go to the 10 million tons of cement, must eliminate dozens of small cement; Throughout the &; & other; To formulate the cement industry development policy, strengthening planning, in order to realize the macro guidance and regulation of the cement industry & throughout; . Leadership instructions for the implementation of the state council, by formulating the "special cement industry development planning" and "cement industrial development policy, determine the development of cement industry in China is the main task of the implementation of the scientific outlook on development and the principle of take a new road to industrialization, speed up structural adjustment, on the large pressure small, backward, to strengthen and improve the investment management, establish enterprise self-discipline mechanism, perfect is conducive to the development of the market environment, to further strengthen and improve macroeconomic regulation and control, to avoid blind expansion of investment, promote the healthy development of cement industry.
Cement industry in accordance with the party's & quot; 16 big & quot; Sure take a new road to industrialization require, to control the amount of reasonable size, according to the principles of planning and industrial policy, the transformation of the mode of development and ultimately achieve the goal of industrial upgrading. In the cement market demand, only nissan more than 4000 ton of NSP cement construction as soon as possible, to restrain small cement of redundant construction. Only by the market price, with high quality and low price in the market for big cement and to use small space, small cement can truly become relics. If it is a big building, small cannot be eliminated, finally can only lead to unreasonable structure is more and more. According to the cement industry development planning requirements, the state speed up structural adjustment, strengthen macro guidance, support the development of large enterprise groups, adhere to technological progress and sustainable development policy, concentration and enhance enterprise competitiveness, encourage nissan more than 4000 t large construction projects, a ban on the construction of any form of backward production techniques. Way backward, with market environment, the benefit and the coordinated development of the road, and guide the cement industry and orderly development.
In 2003, the cement industry overcapacity. General office of the state council issued "the national development and reform commission and other departments about stop the blind investment steel aluminium cement industry several opinions of notice (countries do hair [2003] no. 103), the national development and reform commission about steel aluminium cement industry project to clean up the opinions of notice (hair change industry [2004] no. 1791), presents the differentiation development of cement industry development policy, keep and the pressure of the measures, clear support to speed up the development of new dry process cement, construction of key support where there is resource nissan more than 4000 - ton scale NSP clinker base project, encouraging local and enterprise development in the form of backward production capacity of new dry process cement. Around according to the actual situation of cement industry development in our region, set to speed up the elimination of existing shaft kiln cement and other backward process goals and schedules, and strictly prohibits the construction and expansion of JiLiYao, hollow dry kiln, Bohr kiln, wet method kiln cement project. In 2004, the state council issued "the decision of the reform of investment system", has been clear about the cement in addition to the projects prohibited by the state, subject to approval by the provincial department in charge of investment. In October 2006, the state council also approved the cement industry development policy "(the 50th national development and reform commission order), the cement industry development planning" (hair change industry [2006] no. 2222) the two play a guiding role in the development of cement industry file, it provides a new opportunity for cement industry development.
2.Strong determination to backward cement production capacity
In order to speed up the structural adjustment of cement industry, push the backward production capacity, according to the cement industry development policy "and" special cement industry development planning "requirement, on February 18, 2007, national development and reform commission issued" the general office of the national development and reform commission on notice for backward cement ability on work & have spent (to do industry [2007] no. 447). In accordance with the requirements of files on December 31, 2008, to eliminate all kinds of dry around the hollow kiln, wet method kiln, such as backward technology and equipment, further reduce JiLiYao production capacity, to eliminate all JiLiYao conditional area. The local people's governments at various levels to close and go in accordance with the size of less than 200000 tons of cement substandard quality and/or green enterprise. In order to speed up the elimination process, establish the effective mechanism, urging provinces to sign responsibility backward cement production capacity. Determined in accordance with the special cement development plan & quot; 11th five-year plan & quot; During the phase out 250 million tons of target, to eliminate 50 million tons a year. Look from the result of the execution, & quot; 11th five-year plan & quot; Out 250 million tons of cement behind target has been achieved and exceeded. Out 50 million tons per year, but power saving 4.5 billion degrees, reduce dust emissions, 600000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions more than 4000, ten thousand tons of coal saving 7 million tons. So, out of 250 million tons, can power saving 22.5 billion degrees, reduce dust emissions of 3 million tons, reduce carbon dioxide emissions more than 200 million tons, 35 million tons of coal. Backward cement has an obvious effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
The people's governments at all levels shall take effective measures to strengthen the guidance and supervision of backward, properly arrange the closed and backward cement enterprise worker, has the resources province give appropriate financial subsidies, make sure to shut down backward cement work smoothly. In 2009 issued by the state council, the country is sent [2009] no. 38, reaffirmed, with three years to completely eliminate backward cement increased from backward cement determination, by the end of this year, behind the cement from historical stage.
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